i have an answer for you, although it's not going to be a "here's a chart for all this."
first, on
www.civilizationrevolution.com i have two charts, and one details all the info you need to know about how to get technologies.
second, prerequisites are not an "AND." they are an "OR." so, if you see that you need 2 techs to get to another, you can research EITHER of them to unlock it. also, certain techs will not show up on your list if you are in the wrong era for them (so it's too soon to get them) OR if it takes past a certain number of turns to research it AND you don't have all the prerequisites for it. if this is the case, what you need to do is build more cities or build up your science so that it is "cheaper" to get these techs.
so in short, the prerequisites are an "or" statement, and as long as you are in the proper age, are productive enough, and are willing to spend a lot, you CAN get almost any tech. you will be able to get a tech faster/with less science if you research the prerequisites, but if you want to tech jump to something more advanced before getting the lower-level stuff, you can. it will just take more science to do so.
i hope that makes sense, please ask for clarification where i am confusing!